Internal Compustion Engines

COURSE CONTENT

Engine types, spark ignition, compression ignition, stratified charge, alternative engine types. Gas cycles, Otto, Diesel, Dual, arbitrary heat release modeling, heat and mass loss, heat release timing. Ideal four-stroke process, two-stroke engines, intake and exhaust processes, supercharging, turbocharging. Thermochemistry of in-cylinder combustion processes, practical equilibrium calculations. Fuel-air cycles, actual cycles, dynamometers, exhaust gas analysis. Friction losses, motoring mean effective pressure, dimensional analysis. Fuel, air and exhaust flows, valve flow, manifolds, carburetion, fuel injection, fuel injection systems, examples, calculations. Heat transfer in engine geometries, time-dependent in-cylinder modeling of heat transport. Combustion, ignition, thermodynamics of heat release, autoignition, octane and cetane numbers, fuel additives. Pollutants production, UHC, CO, NOx, soot, PAH, first level equilibrium and simple rate calculations, emissions control strategies, three-way catalytic converters, ICE impact on the environment. Fuels, crude oil processing and hydrocarbon production, alternative fuels, biofuels, hydrogen technology. Engine performance, compression ratio and engine speed control, performance maps.

LEARNING OUTCOMES

The learning outcomes expected by the end of the course are:

1)To teach students the operating characteristics and thermodynamic analysis of common internal combustion engine cycles and the ability to perform a thermodynamic analysis of Otto, Diesel and Dual cycle models.

2)To teach students to analyze the combustion process of common liquid and gaseous fuels and to perform a combustion analysis of these fuels in the basic cycles and evaluate undesirable exhaust emissions and methods used to reduce them. Also evaluate alternative fuel impact.

3)Provide knowledge of the roles of induction fluid and fuel flows and heat transfer in engine operation, injection, carburation as well as of the in-cylinder mixing, turbulence and combustion.

4)Provide knowledge of the roles of engine friction and power distribution and losses.

5)To teach students the environmental, social, and technological issues related to the widespread use of internal combustion engines and of alternative power train systems.